Resistor color code decoder: 10K, 220 ohm, more

The humble resistor is the most a cheap component in our manufacturer’s box, but it’s also incredibly useful. Previously we’show how to use resistors in a project, but the focus of this tutorial is on understanding the colored bands that wrap around the center resistor. These resistor color codes tell us exactly how many ohms of current each device can handle.

How do we read the resistor color code? Why are some resistors four-band color-coded while others are five-band? What resistor is needed for an LED? We will answer all these questions and give you the tools to quickly calculate the right resistor for all your projects.

Resistor Common Color Codes and their usage

Resistor Color Code Quick ReferenceReading resistor color codes from left to rightResistors have no polarity, so they can be use in any orientation in the chain. But in order to determine the correct resistor color code values, we need to understand the color bands on the resistor.On a typical four-band hobby level resistor, there are three colors in a group. These are the first, second significant digits and the multiplier. The last band is the tolerance of the resistor, the margin of error if you will. For most hobbyists, a tolerance of 5% (gold) is ideal and common.We only need extra precision if we are creating sensitive circuits like audio – and video projects. We can always determine the tolerance band, since this is the only band printed on the “shoulder” resistor. Look for this band to determine the orientation of the resistor.The five-band resistor has an extra band, the third significant digit, which provides a higher level of accuracy if the project requires it. So we have three significant digits, a multiplier and a tolerance printed on the shoulder.How to Read a Resistor Color Code</ h2>

Let’s use the 220 ohm resistor commonly used with LED lights as an example of how to read the resistor color code.

1. The first significant digit is red, and with the decoder we see that red has a value of 2.
2. The second significant digit is also red, this gives us 22.
3. The multiplier is brown and this stands for 10. If we multiply 22 by 10, we get 220.
4. The last band, tolerance, is gold. Gold is 5 %, which means that we can accept resistance with an error of 5%.

For manufacturers , requiring greater accuracy, there are also five-band resistors that have a third significant digit. The additional graphic provides clarity that may be needed in resistance-sensitive circuits such as scientific and engineering instruments.

Here is a 220 ohm five-range resistor and its resistor color code.

1. The first significant digit is red< /strong > and with the help of the decoder we see that red has a value of 2.
2. The second significant digit is also red, this gives us 22.
3. The third significant digit is black which means 0. Now we have 220.
4. The multiplier is black and this stands for 1. If we multiply 220 by 1, we get 220.
5. Last bar, tolerance, is gold. Gold is 5%, which means we can accept resistance with an error of 5%.

100 ohm resistor color code

Imag e 1 of 2100 ohm resistor color code (4 band) (Image credit: Tom’s Hardware) Image 1 of 2

100 ohm resistor color code (5-band ) (Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)Image 1 of 2

Resistor 100 ohm is commonly used to protect LEDs. Best used with white, blue and green 5V LEDs. 100 ohm resistors can also be used with other colors, but expect brightness to be different as they are not the correct value.

100 ohm resistors can be identified by the resistor color code Brown -Black-Brown-Gold and, for five-band resistors, Brown-Black-Black-Black-Gold.

220 ohm resistor color code

Image 1 of 2220 ohm resistor color code (4-band) (Image courtesy of Tom’s Hardware)Image 1 of 2

220 ohm resistor color Code ( 5 range) (Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)Image 1 of 2

220 O resistor m – one of the most common that amateurs encounter because it is often used with LEDs. Without the 220 ohm resistor, simple LEDs would draw too much current and burn out quickly. We use a current limiting resistor that the LED can use. (“A light that burns twice as bright burns twice as long”) A 220 ohm resistor can be identified by the color code of the resistor Red-Red-Brown-Gold  or < strong >Red-Red-Black-Black-Gold.

If we used a blue LED with a forward voltage of 3.2V (the voltage required to drive current through the diode) and a forward current of 10mA (the maximum safe current you can continuously run through the device without causing damage) with a 5V supply we need a 180 ohm resistor. Instead, we can use a 220 ohm resistor, which is 40 ohms more, so our LED won’t be as bright, but will be well protected.

330 ohm resistor color code

330 ohm resistor is also quite common, it can be found in Arduino starter kits and Raspberry Pi Pico. A 330 ohm resistor is also suitable for most LEDs, but some of them will look dimmer than others. We can also use a 330 ohm resistor with the buzzer to lower the tone of the buzzer from “annoying” to be a little less annoying. Adafruit’s NeoPixel guide recommends protecting the GPIO pin with a resistor (300 to 500 ohms) between the data pin input and your Raspberry Pi’s GPIO/ Arduino.

The 330 ohm resistor can be identified by the resistor color Orange-Orange-Brown-Gold or Orange-Orange-Black-Black-Gold.

1Kohm resistor color code

A 1 kΩ (1 kΩ) resistor is usually the maximum resistance used for LEDs. Any LED that uses a 1 kΩ resistor will dim but light up.  The 1 kΩ resistor is typically used to fine-tune a circuit or pull up/down a data pin. A 1K resistor along with a 2.2K resistor can be used to form voltage divider  that can step down 5V to around 3.4V. This is useful when using 5V components in Raspberry Pi’s GPIO 3.3V.

The 1 kΩ resistor can be identified by color coding of the resistor  Brown-Black-Red-Gold or Brown-Black-Black-Brown-Gold.

4.7 kΩ resistor color code

The 4.7 kΩ resistor is useful for adding a pull-up resistor to the SDA and SCL pins of an I2C device. The Adafruit Stemma QT boards have this built in, but if we use a different brand of board, we will need to add a 4.7 kΩ resistor to both pins. By doing this, we ensure that the I2C data is correctly and consistently sent to our device.

The 4.7 kΩ resistor can be identified by the resistor color codes yellow-purple-red-gold or yellow-purple-black-brown-gold.

10 kohm resistor color code

The 10 kΩ resistor is often used as a pull-up resistor for the input pin. For example, on the Arduino we can use a 10 kΩ resistor to pulls up the input pin so that when the button is pressed, it pulls up the input on the 5V pin causing the action in our code. We used a 10 kΩ resistor to pull up the data pin on the DHT22 temperature sensor in our previous resistor number.

A 10K ohm resistor can be identified by the resistor color code Brown-Black-Orange-Gold or Brown-Black-Black-Red-Gold.

1 00 kΩ resistor color code

Image 1 of 2100 kΩ resistor color code (4 -span) (Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)Image 1 of 2

100 kΩ resistor color code (5-band) (Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)Image 1 of 2

100 kΩ resistors are at the very upper limit of what most manufacturers need. It’s a lot of resistance in a small package, but it has its uses. They are typically used as stabilizing resistors on a capacitor to reduce the risk of a nuisance discharge or to tune a sensitive audio/video circuit.

A 100 kΩ resistor can be identified by its color code Brown-Black-Yellow-Gold or brown-black-black-orange-gold for a five-band resistor.

3.3V LED resistor values ​​by glow color

LED values resistors 3.3 V by color of light YellowGreen

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